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To watch television linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease and death

In an analysis data from several studies, watching TV for 2 or 3 hours per day or more was associated with a risk of type 2 diabetes, fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease and death causes, a study in JAMA on 15 June says.

Watching television (TV) is the daily activity most frequently reported in work and sleep in many populations around the world. The United States, the average number of hours of TV reported recently that 5 hours. "More than modify energy expenditure to spend the time devoted to physical activity, viewing TV is associated with unhealthy food (for example, a higher intake of fried foods, meats and drinks sweetened with sugar) and low consumption of fruit, vegetables and whole grains in children and adults," according to the information of the substance in the article. "Physical inactivity, various dietary factors and smoking are risk factors independently established for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality causes". Because watching television is the most common and widespread sedentary behavior, there is great interest to quantify its independent association with results for health. "However, systematic and quantitative published studies assessment is not available."

Anders Grontved, m.p.h., master of the University of South Denmark, Odense and Frank b. Hu, MD, PhD, Harvard School of public health, Boston, an analysis of the purpose of summarizing the data from the studies of prospective cohort published on the association between the display of the TV and the incidence of fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular maladies type 2 diabetes and all cause mortality. Researchers have carried out a search in the medical literatures for relevant studies in 1970 to March 2011 and identified eight studies meeting their inclusion criteria in the analysis.

Type 2 diabetes (4 studies), the total number of persons was 175,938 with 6,428 cases of incidents during an average follow-up of 8.5 years. For cardiovascular disease fatal or nonfatal (4 studies), the total number of persons was 34,253 with 1 052 cases of incidents during an average follow-up of 10.4 years; for mortality all causes (three studies), the total number of persons was 26,509 1,879 death during an average follow-up of 6.8 years.

An analysis of the data indicated that 2 hours of television seeing time per day was associated with an increased risk of 20% for type 2 diabetes; 15 percent increased risk of fatal cardiovascular disease or non-fatal; and more than 13% of all causes of mortality risk. "While time spent associating watching TV and the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes are linear, the risk of mortality of cause all appear to increase the duration of viewing TV for more than 3 hours a day,"the authors write.

Based on the rate of frequency in the United States, the estimation of the risk difference researchers all (cases per 100,000 persons per year) for 2 hours of TV per day was 176 for diabetes type 2, 38 fatal cardiovascular disease and 104 for all causes of mortality.

"It is biologically plausible that longing to see that TV is associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality causes." Many studies have reported TV partnerships with biological risk factors of these results, including obesity, levels of unwanted lipids and cardiovascular risk in a cluster. However, some studies step reported these associations. On the other hand, the associations of sedentary behaviour similar to listen to the TV (e.g., sitting at work or during driving) with type 2 diabetes, fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality have been reported in cohort studies, "the authors write.

"Further research is warranted to quantify the Ombudsman of the influence of diet and physical inactivity." "Future research should assess the Association of prolonged daily use of new devices of media in the energy balance and the risk of chronic disease".

(Source: JAMA/Archives: journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA))

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• Extensive TV watching linked with increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, CVD and all-cause death (eurekalert.org)